Benefits of Using the Phonics Method to Teach Children to...

â€Å"The more that you read, the more things you will know. The more that you learn the more places youll go.† This quote by Dr. Seuss explains the importance of reading. Knowing how to read is very important to be successful in life. In 2009,a nationwide study by the National Center for Educational Statistics recorded that sixty-seven percent of 4th grade students, seventy-five percent of 8th grade students, and seventy-four percent of 12th grade students were not reading at a proficient level. This will cause many problems as the child progresses through life and later on to adulthood. According to the National assessment of Adult Literacy (NAAL), forty-three percent read at the lowest 2 literacy level (Who Needs Phonics). They will†¦show more content†¦A few of the educational resources that heavily use phonics is Huntington and Sylvan learning center. The most well-known resource is, Hooked on Phonics. Hooked on Phonics is recommended by over ninety percent of th eir costumer (Http://learntoread.hookedonphonics.com/why_it_works/homeschooling). Majority of the customers who endorse this program had significant results. Thus phonics is a proven and dependable mechanism for young readers. The phonics method is also great for the economy. Nebraska Sen. requested the U.S department to examine the reading programs in schools and the outcome was astounding. Out of fifteen phonics centered reading programs examined, the average cost per student is $30.34 opposed to the whole language approach which cost $214.53 per student (Whole Language vs. Phonics). Also the at home programs like Hooked on Phonics, are inexpensive too. As stated before, whole-language advocates believe words should be read as a whole instead of breaking the word down, then reading it as a whole word because that is how proficient readers recognize words (Rayner et al.). Although that isn’t how the brain distinguishes words. There are three parts of the brain that help rea d words. The temporal lobe, frontal lobe, and the angular supramarginal gyrus all act together simultaneously in the reading process. The temporal lobe is in control ofShow MoreRelatedTeaching Phonics And Teach Phonics1474 Words   |  6 Pagesthe tasks required by teachers’ is to teach children to read and write, with this comes different approaches that teachers’ need to be aware of. Phonics is one of the approaches adopted by teachers when teaching children to read and write. Adopting different methods of teaching phonics its what makes teachers effective, and adaptive. This essay aims to look closer at phonics and some of the different approaches used to teach phonics in the classroom. Phonics approaches that will be discussed in thisRead MoreTeaching Phonics And Teach Phonics1414 Words   |  6 Pagesthe tasks required by teachers is to teach children to read and write, with this comes different approaches that teachers need to be aware of. Phonics is one of the approaches adopted by teachers when teaching children to read and write. Teachers adopt different methods to teaching phonics its what makes them effective teachers and adaptive. This essay aims to look closer at phonics and some of the different approaches used to teach phonics in the classroom. Phonic approaches that will be discussedRead MoreThe Effect Of Low Phonics On The Existing English Curriculum At The Early Grades Essay1554 Words   |  7 Pagesimportance and effects of adding Phonics to the existing English curriculum at the early grades of elementary 4th to 6th grades in Saudi Arabia. Phonics is an important in the whole English learning process, especially at the early ages and elementary school years. Phonics depends on sound of words and how to spell them correctly and accurately. Currently, there is no structured phonics learning implemented at our elementary schools for English learning. If the phonics is implemented, it will enhanceRead MoreThe Effect Of Explicit And Systematic Approaches On Students Literacy Development1433 Words   |  6 Pagesthat have come out of researching â€Å"Effective Reading Instruction† have shown significant benefits to students who are taught in an upfront, straight to the point manner. Within this essay it will be discussed the importance of an effective reading instruction along with its 5 elements. As well as the effects of explicit and systematic approaches on student’s literacy development. The benefits of allowing children to choose their own reading literature and the findings of the research completed in thisRead MoreLiterature Review On The Phonics2472 Words   |  10 PagesThere are a million adults who cannot read, one in six Londoners is functionally illiterate and people who cannot read or write ar e excluded from opportunities and may eventually become alienated and turn to crime (Johnson 2010, cited by Gross 2010). Gross (2010) expresses her concern and believes it is not where the children live, it is how they were taught to read and how they were properly motivated to learn to read. She endorses the synthetic systematic phonics approach as opposed to that of theRead MoreThe Importance Of Systematic Synthetic Phonics For School Reading Schemes And Then From The School s Library Of Classic Books2530 Words   |  11 Pages â€Æ' I learnt to read at an early age. I read widely whilst at school, both school reading schemes and then from the school’s library of classic books, as well as books at home and borrowed from public libraries. This love of books continues today, I studied English Literature and Music at university and I still read for pleasure whenever possible. I loved reading to my own children from birth and chose from a wide range of children’s literature. This was encouraged in their early years atRead MoreThe Key Components of Successful Reading Essay1673 Words   |  7 Pagesunderstanding are both essential when a student begins to read. It is a complex action that requires a multitude of different actions/components, all working at the same time, to become a successful reader. The components that are pertinent to reading are: comprehension, oral language, phonological awareness, phonics, fluency and vocabulary. Without these components, reading may very well be irrelevant because it does not make sense to read and not understand what is being transmitted/relayed. AccordingRead MoreThe Language And Balanced Literacy1454 Words   |  6 Pagesmost effective method to teach reading is? Additionally, when we teach our children how to read, do they truly understand what they are reading and can they communicate to us what they have read? As educator we have to be instrumental in creating students to become independent effective readers who comprehend well. In order to do this, students have to be provided with basic reading and comprehension skills that continue into adulthood. Whether teaching with a basal reader or using whole languageRead MorePhonemic : Phonemic Awareness And Phonics Essay1081 Words   |  5 PagesAwareness and Phonics Phonics and phonemic awareness may seem like similar concepts, but this is not the case. Phonemic awareness involves sounds in oral language and phonics involves the association between printed symbols and sounds. Therefore, phonics instruction emphasizes teaching sound-spelling associations and is connected with print. Generally, phonemic awareness tasks are oral (Blevins, 2016). Even though these two components focal points differ, both phonemic instruction and phonics instructionRead More Whole Language versus Phonics Essays2286 Words   |  10 Pages Whole Language versus Phonics Whole Language versus Phonics has been a question among many top educational groups for years. Which is the best way to teach kindergarten children the proper way to speak and learn the English Language? There are many valid reasons why experts argue for both phonics and/or whole language. Both seem to be exceptional ways to master the English Language. The purpose of this research paper is to compare phonics versus whole language and to determine how technology

Analysis Of The Book The Year Of 1984 - 1920 Words

In the supposed year of 1984 ( the main protagonist has no clue of the actual year), we meet Winston Smith, a 40-year old man , who lives in a run down and decaying part of Eurasia called Airstrip One, or where our modern day England would be located. The people in the book seem as bare and lifeless as the country, although, there is a certain quality to Winston that sets him apart from the rest of the general population, or the others he meets throughout the book; the ability to think and think freely for himself, and the main problem is the fact that this basic human right is outlawed by the Party or the system of government that runs the entire Eurasian plate. This â€Å"government† is one of sheer brutality and oppression towards its own people, where in an instance, history can be altered or erased and people can disappear to never be heard of again, but the people under its control for the most part have absolutely no idea about all of this. Instead, they live in a world apart from reality that is full of devotion to the Party, a world where they are always at war and a world where Eurasia always wins, a world where thoughts can warrant arrest, a world where there is plenty of food and clothes because the Party falsifies statistics, and a world where everyone has fervent hatred for Big Brother (the leader of Oceania, which is like the modern day U.S, and the main enemy of the party). Winston out of curiosity had decided to buy himself a journal and pen, which as we canShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of The Book The Year 1984 1544 Words   |  7 PagesPart A– Summary In the year 1984, a 39 year old man named Winston lived in a totalitarian society set in in the nation of Oceania, in London, England. All of the people who live in the â€Å"Outer Party† were monitored via telescreens and were forced to believe whatever the ruling head Big Brother said. The history books were rewritten constantly to suite Big Brother. Unhappy with the society which he lives in, Winston decides to take the risk of writing a diary to assert his independence and protestRead More1984 Argument1249 Words   |  5 PagesGeorge Orwell’s book 1984 is a very interesting novel. The novel is set up in Airstrip One. In George Orwell’s book 1984 it has many situations. One of the many situations are that some people refer society as â€Å"Orwellian.† What does Orwellian mean? Orwellian means, of or related to the works of George Orwell ( especially his picture of his future totalitarian state.) People believe that Orwell is realistic and say his wo rk part of our society now. George Orwell was a writer in the twentieth centuryRead MoreExamples of â€Å"Good† Strategic Management1293 Words   |  6 PagesMANAGEMENT Disney In 1984, Disney’s stock price had been flat for a decade. Earnings per share were only $0.06. Disney had profits that year of $242 million. By this point in time Disney had become primarily a theme park company. Seventy seven percent of its profits came from theme park operations that year. Twenty two percent of profits came from consumer products (licensing Mickey Mouse, Donald Duck, etc.). Only one percent of profits came from filmed entertainment in 1984. Indeed, Disney had becomeRead MoreA Literary Analysis Of 1984 By George Orwell721 Words   |  3 Pagesessay your about to read is a literary analysis of the book â€Å"1984 by George Orwell† it was written in 1948 as a thriller. Winston Smith is the main character of this story followed by two characters â€Å"Julia and O’Brien.† The book starts off with main character Winston being very frustrated with what is called the â€Å"Party† lead by a man named â€Å"Big Brother† hints the say ing â€Å"big brother is watching you† from â€Å"George Orwells worst fear† stated by express.co.uk. the book takes you for a ride through what theRead MoreGeorge Orwell s Caged Birds Accept Each Other But Flight Is What They Long For ``1717 Words   |  7 Pagesâ€Å"Caged birds accept each other but flight is what they long for.† In George Orwell’s book 1984 the main character Winston Smith felt like a caged bird and wanted to be free of the totalitarian regime that was Big Brother. In the book, Orwell portrays a society in which life as we know it is none existent. People are stripped of their individualism, programmed like zombies and made to suppress each other. In the book, kids are used to and it would seem with really good effect to spy on and monitor theRead MoreCensorship, By George Orwell881 Words   |  4 Pages Censorship In George Orwell’s novel, 1984, the theme, censorship, greatly influences the storyline. Within the society, Oceania, the government censors everything from the newspapers to an individual s thoughts. Although, Oceania does not have any specific laws the citizens know that challenging the party, even with facial expressions, could result in punishment or possibly death. The prime reasoning behind censorship is control. In order to gain the ultimate control the Inner Party utilizesRead MoreMci Case Report1184 Words   |  5 PagesFirst of all, in this case we estimate external financing MCI requires until the end of 1987. Exhibit 9A provides the projected capital investment needs for the following year, so our group plug those data in Exhibit 3 corresponds to Funds from Operations and Use of Funds, then come up with the External Financing MCI needs from 1984 to 1987 by deducting the total Source from the total Use. By looking at each year’s needs, we noticed that the e xternal needs will continue to grow because of the increaseRead MoreIntroduction. 1984 Is One Of OrwellS Most Famous Masterpieces,1267 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction 1984 is one of Orwell s most famous masterpieces, and it is a work of opposition to totalitarianism. As a political allegory, 1984 is also Orwell’s last work, which is with his greatest efforts. On the basis of his own experience, Orwell combines reality and 1984 closely, in order to give people a sense of reality. In the book, the description of anti Utopia reflects Orwell s concern about the political trend of the whole human society. His political thinking is summed up in this book, whichRead MoreAnalysis Of 1984 By George Orwell954 Words   |  4 PagesSophie Moore Mrs. N. Finley E209R3 – 1984 literary analysis 27 January 2015 Symbolism throughout 1984 The novel 1984 is a futuristic totalitarian society where everyone is kept under close surveillance and is forced to follow all rules and laws of the state. The novel 1984 was written by George Orwell and published in 1950. The main characters were Big Brother, Winston Smith, Julia, O’Brien, Syme and Emmanuel Goldstein. Winston Smith is a low man on the totem pole when it came to the ruling PartyRead More Feminism Essays1237 Words   |  5 Pagesand the N.O.W. – the National Organization of Women. Both of these organizations and Feminism as a whole are and have been influential on the national government.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Many political groups or ideologies attack feminist ideas. Zillah R. Einstein’s book, Feminism and Sexual Equality focuses on the importance of feminist theories and its attackers. The primary two political groups that have taken a stand against Feminism are â€Å"The New Right† and â€Å"Neoconservatives.† The New Right feels that the welfare

Ellen Foster free essay sample

Analyzes novels motif of food as means of understanding Ellen her evolution from self-obsession to loving a black friend. This study will analyze Kaye Gibbons novel Ellen Foster, focusing on the motif of food as a means of understanding the development of the character of Ellen, specifically in terms of her ability to move from such mundane (but obviously basic) needs as food to a love for her colored friend Starletta. The preoccupation of Ellen with food serves as a recurring motif throughout the book. This motif is used by Gibbons to highlight the hunger Ellen experienced as a younger child, the continuing sense of physical and emotional insecurity which is intimately related to that lack of food, and the self-centered concerns of the character that are reflected in her obsession with food. The fact that by the end of the novel Ellen is able to finally gain some sense of herself, of security and happiness, and finally come to see the great worth of her friend is a sign

The Electromagnetic Spectrum

There are certain components that make the world around a better habitation and beautiful for human beings. One of such components is the light, which enables us to see each other, and it ensures a harmonious coexistence between human beings. It is unimaginable of living in a world devoid of light; such a thing would make survival very hard.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on The Electromagnetic Spectrum specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This report will look into the various types of instruments used to display light, and how they separate light into various components and how those components may be used in diverse ways of making the human survival on planet earth better. The first instrument in the separation of light, which require discussion, is the electromagnetic spectrum. The invention of this instrument that of late has been integrated into other devices meant a lot in the study of light as well as in astronomy. The electromagnetic spectrum was first made from a prism, which separated white lights into different lights that were of different colors. The different colors came about because the natural light otherwise known as the white light made up different kinds of rays that travel at different wavelength. Though the electromagnetic spectrum did not indicate various wavelengths in which the light photons travelled at, it separated the light into various rays (Browning 39). The other instrument is the spectrometer that is one of the instruments used frequently in matters to do with separation of lights. It is notable that the natural light or the white light has various components that are important for people to be aware. These components of light are the infrared, the ultra violet rays and gamma rays. These components of light differentiated according to their wavelengths in order to distinguish them. One of the tools used in the separation of lights is the spectrometer and it separates the natural light into the diverse wavelength contained therein (Browning 44). The spectrometer is therefore an instrument that measures light by taking into consideration its wavelength. The spectrometer indicates the wavelength of the particular ray. It contains an electromagnetic spectrum, which separates different types of rays contained in a given white light directed to the spectrometer to measure the wavelength of that ray.Advertising Looking for research paper on natural sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More This is because various rays mentioned above that is the infrared, the gammas rays the ultraviolet rays all travel in different wavelengths. The spectrometer indicated the length of the wave that is visible. This made it easier for the wave classification on whether it was for the gamma rays, X rays, the infrared or the ultra violet rays (Browning 54). The other type of device used in the separati on of lights is the spectroscope made using prisms, which has different levels of diffraction to diffract different types of rays on different wavelengths. The modern spectroscopes are modified with the integrated technology, that is different instruments placed in one device such that one device can perform various functions previously done by different kinds of instruments (Faust and Sternberg 67). The spectroscope therefore is a combination of electromagnetic spectrum, which is for diffracting different components of light and a photo detector to detect the light waves. Other than separating light into various components, the spectroscope detects the elements from which the light came from. Robert Bunsen and Gustav Robert put this method in place by explaining that when a particular element receives heat until it produces light is characterized by nature of that element. This means that each element has its own atomic components that are different from that of other elements. Whe n that element is heated, it produces light whose wavelength and color is different from that of other elements (Jay 45). The other closely related instrument is the spectrograph that record spectrum of astronomic once it is obtained so that analysis can be done. This instrument was invented because of advancement in the field of photography. The advancement in photographic films, such that the films had effects of the other forms of light such as the infrared, the X-rays, the ultra violet rays meant that various waves of the lights could be captured and recorded on the film. The spectrograph therefore is a device combining the integrated technology of the spectroscope and the photographic film for recording and detecting various wavelengths emitted by different elements whose light the spectrograph can detect. The modern spectrograph separates the wave of a particular ray into frequency wavelengths that are visible. The recent spectrographs make it possible to view the detected ray on a computer thus making it easier to classify the type of light that the wave is from and the kind of element, which has produced such kind of light. The recording of these lights have also led to the discovery of paint pigments as well as new elements not known before (James 25).Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on The Electromagnetic Spectrum specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The other instrument is the beam splitter, which is a device that splits natural light into two. It is a rectangular instrument with two prisms joined together. The beam splitter can also be made of a glass with one side covered with half silver. Depending on the kind of covers used, the beam splitter splits the light into different wavelengths visible to the human eye. Telescope is another device that is relevant to separation of lights, though its basic use is that of observation of remote objects or long distance objects it make s use of the principle of separation of lights to detect the space objects to such as the stars. The telescope combines and separates the rays emitted by the object. It then focuses on that particular ray and the path from which it has come from. That means that telescope is able to focus on one particular star without faltering or drifting to another star (Palmer 88). The modern telescopes are well advanced such that they have inbuilt integrated systems which analyze the elements and materials which are contained by the object which they are viewing. The modern telescopes can be categorized into the optical telescope and the radio telescope. The optical telescope increase the angular size of the object such that the object becomes larger and brighter thus making it more visible. The object when photographed is clear and the photos are stored for further scrutiny (Palmer 72). Other than the field of astronomy, these lens used in optical telescope have other uses such as in spyglasse s and binoculars. The optical telescopes have a further classification into various forms depending on the kind of ray that they use. This means that there are x-ray telescopes, infrared telescopes, gamma ray telescope, and ultraviolet telescope. The x-ray telescopes are used to detect metal components of the stars and other planets in the universe. The ultraviolet detect various elements but mostly used to look for plant components in other planets. The other form of telescope is the radio telescope. This kind of telescope does not deal with light only but it detects microwave radiations (Palmer 69). Conclusion The study of light has changed our world more than expected. The fiber optic used to transfer data from one place to another uses light. The separation of light can be credited to have contributed a lot in this because natural light alone with its potentialities cannot avail the gains brought about by various components of light. As stated earlier, though many theorists do n ot consider light as a basic need for human survival it is still a basic need usually presumed. Food, derived from plants comes about because of photosynthesis made possible by the availability of ultraviolet rays, which originate from the sun. The separation of light has also led to the discovery of elements that remained unknown until the rays indicated that there were such substances. Elements such as lithium and uranium are some of the elements whose existence came to be because of various waves.Advertising Looking for research paper on natural sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Other planets may be in oblivion without the instruments that made it possible to separate lights. In the past, only light from the sun-enabled people to see during the day. However, many wonders of the universe such as the planets and stars have been visible during the nights due to the separation of lights. Light is important in the basic survival of the modern man more than any other time in history. Works Cited Browning, John. How to Work With the Spectroscope: A Manual of Practical Manipulation. Massachusetts: Harvard University Press, 1989. Print Faust, James and Sternberg, Richard. The Design of Optical Spectrometer. Berlin: Chapman and Hall Ltd, 1969. Print. James, John. Spectrograph Design Fundamentals. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2007. Print Jay, Pasachoff. Contemporary Astronomy. Philadelphia: Saunders Colleges Publishing, 1981. Print Palmer, Christopher. Diffraction Grating Handbook, 6th edition. California: Newport Corporation, 2005. Print This research paper on The Electromagnetic Spectrum was written and submitted by user Spencer Fisher to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Spiritual Needs and the Elderly essays

Spiritual Needs and the Elderly essays To many people, nursing means the chance to show others that someone out there cares about them. This is especially true of the elderly. Many of these people are often in the hospital, and they do not always have family close by that can come and see them. Sometimes they have no family left at all. All people deserve caring and compassion in their time of need, and none more so than those that do not have anyone close to them. While it is true that nurses are often very busy, being a nurse means making some extra time available to let these people know that they are not alone, and that someone is thinking of them. It may be the only bright spot in their day, and it gives them something to hang on to. One way that nurses can help their elderly patients is through spirituality, because it is something that older people tend to cling to more often than younger people. Some of this likely has to do with the idea that their time might be running short, but it is also likely related to the way that these people were raised and the generation gap that they have with young individuals. Even if a nurse is not particularly religious or does not share the elderly persons religion, there is still help that they can provide. Religious materials can be provided, there may be other patients that share a religion and would like to talk to one another, etc., and a nurse can help facilitate these kinds of things. However, religion is also what many people would consider a touchy subject and therefore nurses must be careful and conscientious so as not to press their own beliefs too strongly. Nurses in the future will have to be even more aware of this as spirituality seems to be growing and how individuals feel about it, as spirituality, religion, and prayer can be considered to be among the list of alternative therapies that are often being addressed today for elderly individuals, especially those that h...

The role of nuclear medicine and other imaging modalities in Article - 1

The role of nuclear medicine and other imaging modalities in hyperthyrodism - Article Example In clinical practice different hyperthyroid conditions such as Graves’ disease, hyperthyroid goiter, and other conditions such as toxic multinodular or nodular goitre need assessment of activity of the gland. In this review, contemporary literature has been reviewed to update current knowledge on this topic. This assignment reveals that radionuclide imaging is an important diagnostic modality in the workup of hyperthyroid disorders, but despite that, in some cases the diagnostic yield is better with ultrasonography or PET scanning. In some cases, combined use of these imaging investigations pinpoints the diagnosis in a more suitable manner. Review of these articles and the knowledge apparent may be used to frame a guideline of advice regarding imaging practice in this area. The thyroid gland produces two hormones, namely, thyroxin (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3). These are known to play important physiological roles in the human body. Anatomically, the thyroid gland is located in the neck, in front of the trachea. It comprises of two lobes, right and left, connected by a narrow bridge of thyroid tissue, known as isthmus. It is a very highly vascular organ. The normal adult thyroid gland consists of follicles lined by thyroid follicular cells that contain large amount of thyroglobulin. This serves as the protein precursor of the thyroid hormones (Broome, 2006). Endocrinologically, increased need for thyroid hormone leads to a signal pathway mediated by thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) leading to release of active hormone from a bound state with thyroglobulin to a free state, eventually being secreted into the blood stream. When there is hypersecretion of thyroid hormones due to any cause, the condition is known as hyperthyroidism. Usually hyperthyroidis m is indicated by an elevated level of TSH. Therefore, in clinical practice the diagnosis of hyperthyroidism is made by finding an abnormally elevated TSH level which

Corporate Social Responsibility and Disclosure Essay

Corporate Social Responsibility and Disclosure - Essay Example The abstract summarises in a very few words the contents of the paper. It is well written and divulges important and necessary information that is important from a reader’s perspective to decide whether the paper is of his/her interest or not. In the introduction, the author does a good job introducing the research topic and the reason behind choosing this topic. The introduction clearly states the purpose of the research. The research topic chosen by the author is important, mainly because of the target country/sample – Companies in Saudi Arabia. Going forward Saudi Arabia will not only play an important role in Middle East economy but also in world economy. It is one of the most important emerging markets globally and hence, the author’s topic is justified and relevant. The literature review lacks depth as it only lists the studies/research conducted on the topic and its results but fails to discuss in depth the importance of the findings of those researches. T he author has just touched upon each variable wherein in-depth discussion could have been very effective. The sample chosen and the methodology have been designed carefully by the researcher taking into consideration various factors and the population of the research. The author has explained the reasons behind the chosen research strategy. The researcher finds through this research that firm size significantly positively affects the level of disclosure while the other variables are insignificant. The researcher could have again in detail discussed the reason behind the role of different variables but instead only briefly discusses them. This leaves an opportunity for further research, to understand how and why the variables affect disclosure in companies. Article 2 - Contexts and corporate social responsibility: The case of Saudi Arabia The article looks at the different kinds of the CSR (Corporate Social Responsibility) related activities in Saudi Arabia. The content of the topic has been well chosen, as this area of the research has not been explored well in the near past. There are a number of the social determinants that need to be taken into the consideration in critiquing the various facets of the paper. As mentioned previously, this area of the research is very significant due to the implications of the research in this area. The definitive principle of this paper deals with the different kinds of the activities being carried out in the state. The title contents have been well chosen. The key words have been provided for the paper, which makes it easier in terms of referring to the relevant contents in terms of the key words. The credentials of the author have been given, but the previous experience in writing the papers is missing. It deals with the present area of the research. The contextual realities of the ground have been detailed. This paper has been written well in a number of the areas. But, on closer introspection; there are a number of areas that seem half-baked. The key drivers of the CSR (Corporate Social Responsibility) have been mentioned, but the exhaustive definition of each of the levels has not been provided. The weak points of the stakeholder have been mentioned. The characterization of these points is missing. The explanation also seems very theoretical, failing to explain the mechanisms behind it. Overall, the paper has been very well written; but